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Pantang Hospital
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My head is still spinning a bit at being here.
It is just so very, very different from the UK. It is currently not
as hot as I had feared - we are just coming to the end of the rainy
season and it is only about 28 degrees, but with 80-90% humidity,
it feels much more uncomfortable. There are hardly any
mosquitoes around Pantang which is a big relief. I feel very
conspicuous - I can feel curious eyes on the new white lady doctor
(who also has elbow crutches, just to attract additional curiosity)
wherever I go. But I also receive a warm welcome and constant
greetings. I am trying to learn some basic Twi.
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Ambrose has recovered, so our work together
can begin in earnest. We work by seeing patients in tandem: Ambrose
takes the history and mental state, then I sometimes interject with
some more questions/clarifications and then we do any necessary
physical examination and formulate a care plan. I was heartened by
Ambrose’s basic history taking and mental state examination skills.
We began to work on being a bit more focused about his line of
questioning, always keeping in mind what he was trying to rule out
or rule in. I also began to notice the tendency here to often
prescribe more than one antipsychotic at a time, with patients
often receiving “booster depot injection” doses of antipsychotic at
clinic if they had any psychotic symptoms, even if they were fully
concordant with their oral medications and there was room to put up
their oral doses. There seemed to be a perception that giving an
injection as opposed to a tablet was somehow more “potent” than
oral medication. We had a short discussion about this in clinic,
but i think it is quite an engrained practice and I made a mental
note to cover safer prescribing practice at one of our formal
teaching tutorials which I will be holding on Wednesday
lunchtimes.
After lunch we had to split up and see
patients separately - this is obviously contrary to the spirit of
the project, where everything we do should be with an MA/nurse to
ensure the passing on of knowledge and sustainability once we are
gone. Having said that, it is easy to say that, but less easy to
stick to when the outpatient corridor is heaving with patients,
some of whom have travelled hours to be there, and there are only
two clinicians to get through them. In addition, seeing all the
patients as teaching cases inevitably slows down the pace. I know
that we will be getting more staff in a couple of weeks, and until
then I will just need to try and split my time sensibly between
service provision and teaching.
In my afternoon clinic, I see a man in his
50s, who is brought in by his sister. He has a long history of
alcohol use, and some 4 days previously he had apparently been
admitted to a medical ward with a withdrawal-related seizure. His
sister brought a letter from the general hospital, addressed to
psychiatry, saying that some time after admission, the man had
become “aggressive, hallucinated and uncooperative with treatment”
and so they had had to discharge him and could we treat his
“psychiatric problem”. The most striking thing was the man had been
sent home with a bag full of all the medications that his family
had bought for him on admission, but had not been administered,
including about 12 glass phials of IV Thiamine. The man was very
ataxic, delirious and had Wernicke’s encephalopathy. I felt upset
at the way the other hospital had treated (or not treated) him and
I spoke to Dr Dzadney for advice; she was not at all surprised by
this type of presentation and she told me that any form of mental
disturbance, even if there is a clear physical cause, is felt to be
the remit of psychiatry and that we should admit him for treatment,
but warn his family that we could only keep him for a maximum of
three weeks and that he might possibly have irreversible brain
damage. We kept him for about a week and gave him IV thiamine etc
and fortunately he made a full recovery.
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On the Tuesday afternoon we managed to go to
the in-patient wards to do some reviews. The ten wards are very
spread out across the hospital site, single storey and joined up by
covered walk-ways. The buildings are fairly clean, cool and
sizeable, but even so the accommodation can feel quite cramped due
to the large numbers (50 patients in a ward). There is no Mental
Health Act here currently (although there is a long-awaited bill
currently going through parliament), so when patients are admitted
against their will, it is done with the slightly tenuous agreement
of family members as proxy consent. There is a real problem with
people bringing members of their family to be admitted... and then
leaving no forwarding address or contactable phone number, so even
when the patients are well enough to be discharged, there is
nowhere else for them to go and therefore they remain at the
hospital. There are some patients in the “Chronic wards”, who have
been here for some forty years and they tend to have employment
around the hospital site. There is an Occupational Therapy
department, but it is mostly staffed by visiting volunteers at the
moment, and the in-patients sometimes don’t always have much to do
during the day. Having said that, lots of gardening and farming
goes on all over the hospital site, courtesy of the patients.
Despite these difficulties, all the in-patient
nurses that I have met have been professional, warm and
compassionate. And I was pleased to hear that a retired nurse
lecturer, Michael Brenan, is coming over to Pantang with Challenges
Worldwide from Scotland in a couple of weeks specifically to work
with the in-patient nurses and help them with their professional
development. I noticed that a lot of their time is spent completing
progress reports in the notes, and less time doing one to one
therapeutic work with the patients. There is a very medical model
here, with a lot of emphasis on medication and less on psychosocial
interventions. I also got the impression that the nurses don’t feel
particularly empowered to be autonomous, but clearly they are a
huge untapped resource for working more actively with the
patients.
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I went to Kokobrite beach this weekend, a
beautiful stretch of white sand and palm trees about 30 km west of
Accra. I took a “trotro” which are basically shared
minibus-taxis that operate all over the country; it is a good way
of feeling part of Ghanaian everyday life. It took me about 4 hours
to get there though, mostly due to the choking gridlock that is
Accra traffic every day, particularly on a Friday afternoon when
everybody is trying to leave the city. The government are working
hard to improve the standard of roads, and there are a number of
motorways under construction that will relieve the situation
somewhat, but that still won’t allow for the constantly expanding
population in Accra, of people moving in from rural areas looking
for work. When I feel myself becoming exasperated with waiting, in
all sort of situations, I have to remind myself... “African
time...remember, we are running on African time”.
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About this blog

Hello, my name is Susie Easton and I am an ST6 on the UCL/Royal
Free Hospital General Adult Psychiatry Rotation in North
London. I have just got my CCT and when I return from Ghana, I
will be moving home to Glasgow to take up my first consultant
post.
When I saw the Ghana post advertised, I thought that it looked
interesting, a bit scarey and an opportunity for a
professional and personal adventure
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